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[ MUSIC ]

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>> WELCOME TO THE QUEST AIRLOCK

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ON THE INTERNATIONAL

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SPACE STATION.

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I'M RICKY ARNOLD,

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EXPEDITION FLIGHT 56

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FLIGHT ENGINEER FROM NASA.

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TODAY WE'RE GONNA TALK ABOUT

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ONE OF MY FAVORITE TOPICS:

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EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY,

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OR EVA.

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GOING OUT ON AN EVA

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OR A SPACEWALK HAS BEEN

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ONE OF THE MOST AMAZING

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EXPERIENCES OF MY LIFE.

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BUT IT'S ALSO ONE OF THE MOST

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COMPLICATED AND DANGEROUS THINGS

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WE DO DURING HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT.

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THERE'S A LOT OF EQUIPMENT

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TO PREPARE AND MAINTAIN,

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AND WE DO MONTHS OF TRAINING

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TO MAKE EACH EVA A SUCCESS.

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IF YOU THINK IT SOUNDS

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COMPLICATED, YOU SHOULD SEE

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ALL OF IT IN ACTION.

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LET'S START WITH TRAINING

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AND HOW WE GET READY FOR

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A SPACEWALK.

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>> SPACE IS AN EXTREME

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ENVIRONMENT THAT PRESENTS

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MANY HAZARDS.

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IF WE'RE GONNA GO OUTSIDE

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THE SAFETY OF THE ISS,

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WE HAVE TO BE PREPARED.

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THAT'S WHY EVAs ARE DESIGNED

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WITH SAFETY AS

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THE UTMOST PRIORITY.

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WE ASTRONAUTS SPEND

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A LOT OF TIME IN THE CLASSROOM,

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JUST LIKE YOU ARE NOW,

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LEARNING ABOUT THE HARDWARE

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WE'LL BE USING AND THE SPECIFIC

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PARTS OF THE SPACE STATION

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WE'LL BE WORKING ON.

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THEN WE GET TO GO SPEND

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A LOT OF TIME TRAINING IN

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NASA'S GIANT POOL, CALLED

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THE NEUTRAL BUOYANCY LAB,

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OR NBL.

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SINCE IT'S IMPOSSIBLE

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TO SIMULATE MICROGRAVITY

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ON EARTH, THE NEXT BEST OPTION

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IS WATER--

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6.2 MILLION GALLONS OF IT.

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THE NBL IS 40 FEET DEEP,

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202 FEET IN LENGTH,

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AND 102 FEET IN WIDTH.

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YOU NEED A LOT OF ROOM TO HAVE

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A FULL SCALE WORKING MODEL

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OF THE ISS, WHICH WE NEED

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FOR PRACTICING OUR EVA MANEUVERS

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AND ASSIGNED TASKS.

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WE GET SUITED UP AND WEIGHTED

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SO THAT WE'RE NEUTRALLY BUOYANT

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IN THE WATER,

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SO WE DON'T SINK TO THE BOTTOM

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AND WE DON'T FLOAT

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TO THE SURFACE.

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IT'S A GREAT WAY TO SIMULATE

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THE MICROGRAVITY

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WE'LL BE EXPERIENCING.

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WE DO SEVERAL DRESS REHEARSALS

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OF EVA BEFORE WE LAUNCH.

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THIS GIVES US THE OPPORTUNITY

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TO PREPARE FOR ANY ANOMALIES

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THAT MAY OCCUR.

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WE SPEND AT LEAST FIVE HOURS

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PRACTICING IN THE NBL

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FOR EVERY ONE HOUR PLANNED

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FOR THE SPACEWALK.

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SO WE ARE VERY WELL PREPARED

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TO EXECUTE THE EVAs

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ONCE WE ARE IN ORBIT.

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ONCE WE ARE UP IN ORBIT,

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THE EVA PREPARATION CONTINUES.

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FIRST, WE MUST PERFORM

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A PRE-BREATHE PROTOCOL

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TO DISPLACE THE NITROGEN

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IN OUR TISSUES AND HELP PREVENT

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A CONDITION CALLED

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DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS.

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DURING PRE-BREATHE,

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WE BREATHE 100% PURE OXYGEN

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AND DO SOME LIGHT EXERCISE

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TO HELP PURGE THE NITROGEN

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FROM OUR BODIES.

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DURING PRE-BREATHE,

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WE WILL ALSO DON OUR

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EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNIT,

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OR EMU.

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THIS IS A FANCY NAME

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FOR A SPACESUIT.

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THE SPACESUIT IS BASICALLY

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ITS OWN SPACECRAFT

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SHAPED LIKE A HUMAN.

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THERE IS USUALLY A RED STRIPE

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ON THE LEG OF ONE ASTRONAUT

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BUT NOT THE OTHER, SO THAT

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GROUND CAN TELL WHO IS WHO.

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TO ENSURE OUR SAFETY

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AT ALL TIMES, WE ARE ALWAYS

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AWARE OF OUR SAFETY TETHERS

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AND WHERE WE ARE IN RELATION

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TO OUR SPACEWALKING BUDDY.

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>> HEY, BUDDY.

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>> THERE'S A FELLOW CREW MEMBER

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CALLED THE IV--

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THE INTERVEHICULAR CREW--

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ON THE INSIDE OF THE AIRLOCK

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WATCHING AND COMMUNICATING

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WITH US AS THE EVA PROGRESSES.

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WE ARE ALSO PREPARED FOR

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SEVERAL CONTINGENCIES,

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SHOULD THEY OCCUR.

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FIRST, WE ARE TRAINED ON

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THE USE OF A JETPACK

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THAT CAN BE USED TO MANEUVER

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IN THE EVENT OF

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AN EMERGENCY RESCUE.

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IT'S CALLED A SAFER, OR

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SIMPLIFIED AID FOR EVA RESCUE.

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THE VIEW DURING AN EVA

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IS MAGNIFICENT.

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IT'S BEAUTIFUL OUT THERE.

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IT'S ALSO EXTREMELY DANGEROUS,

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BUT OUR MONTHS OF PREPARATION

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AND ALL OF THOSE DEDICATED

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PEOPLE WORKING ON THE GROUND,

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WORKING AROUND THE CLOCK, ENSURE

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WE ARE AS SAFE AS POSSIBLE

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WHEN WE WORK OUTSIDE THE ISS.

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EVAs HAVE ALLOWED US TO BUILD

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AND MAINTAIN THE ISS, REPAIR

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MISSION-CRITICAL HARDWARE,

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INVESTIGATE MALFUNCTIONS,

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INSTALL NEW HARDWARE--

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AND THE VIEW, UNBELIEVABLE.